Regulations

Battery rules are going digital, everywhere at once.

The EU mandates a battery passport from 2027, China has given every NEV battery a digital ID, India has proposed a Battery Pack Aadhaar and US states are writing EV-battery EPR laws. Here is what applies, where and when.

Explore by region See the compliance mapping

Last reviewed: 2 October 2026

EU battery passport becomes mandatory: 18 Feb 2027; EU battery passport becomes mandatory
China digital ID for NEV batteries in force: 1 Apr 2026; China digital ID for NEV batteries in force
with EV-battery EPR laws (NJ, CO): 2 US states; with EV-battery EPR laws (NJ, CO)
India Battery Pack Aadhaar (BPAN): Draft; India Battery Pack Aadhaar (BPAN)

World overview

Select a jurisdiction

Each marker summarises the main battery traceability rule in that market. Open a guide for obligations, dates, data requirements and official sources.

Selected

European Union

Upcoming

Battery passport mandatory from 18 Feb 2027

Regulation (EU) 2023/1542: passport, carbon footprint, recycled content, due diligence, EPR.

Read the European Union guide

Timeline

Key dates across jurisdictions

From the 2022 UN durability rule to the EU’s 2031 recycled-content minimums. Dashed cards are still ahead of us; filter by jurisdiction to focus.

Mar 2022GlobalIn force
UN GTR No. 22 adopted
Global rule on in-vehicle battery durability and SoH monitors.
Aug 2022IndiaIn force
Battery Waste Management Rules
EPR regime for all batteries, including EV batteries.
Aug 2023EUIn force
EU Batteries Regulation in force
Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 enters into force.
Jan 2024USIn force
New Jersey EV battery EPR law
First US state EPR law for EV propulsion batteries.
Feb 2024EUIn force
EU Regulation applies
General date of application.
Feb 2025GlobalIn force
South Korea battery ID
Safety certification and per-battery ID for EVs.
Feb 2025IndiaIn force
BWMR amendment
EPR number via QR code or barcode permitted.
Jul 2025EUIn force
Due diligence postponed
Regulation (EU) 2025/1561 moves start to 18 Aug 2027.
Aug 2025EUIn force
EU EPR regime applies
Producer registration and EPR obligations.
Sep 2025USIn force
§30D credit ends
Clean-vehicle credit terminated for later acquisitions.
Nov 2025IndiaIn force
DPDP Rules notified
Phased compliance over up to 18 months.
Dec 2025EUProposed / draft
Environmental Omnibus proposed
Targeted amendments to the Batteries Regulation.
Jan 2026IndiaProposed / draft
BPAN draft guidelines
Battery Pack Aadhaar proposed by MoRTH.
Apr 2026ChinaIn force
NEV battery Interim Measures
Digital ID and national traceability platform in force.
Jun 2026USIn force
Colorado SB26-003 signed
EV-battery stewardship with recovery rates.
Jul 2026ChinaIn force
GB 38031-2025 applies
“No fire, no explosion” for new type approvals.
Aug 2026EUIn force
EU labelling
General battery label required.
Today · 2 Oct 2026
Nov 2026IndiaUpcoming
DPDP consent managers
Consent-manager provisions take effect.
Feb 2027EUUpcoming
Battery passport + QR code
Mandatory for EV, LMT and industrial > 2 kWh.
May 2027IndiaUpcoming
DPDP core obligations
Unless the proposed 12-month timeline is adopted.
Jul 2027USUpcoming
Colorado registration
Propulsion-battery providers register with CDPHE.
Aug 2027EUUpcoming
EU due diligence
Cobalt, graphite, lithium and nickel.
Dec 2027EUUpcoming
Material recovery targets I
Li 50%; Co, Cu, Pb, Ni 90%.
FY 2027-28IndiaUpcoming
Recycled content 5%
Domestic recycled content in EV batteries, rising to 20% in 2030-31.
Aug 2028USUpcoming
Colorado participation
Providers must fund an approved programme.
Aug 2028+EUPending implementing act
Recycled-content documentation
Or 24 months after the methodology act.
Aug 2031EUUpcoming
Minimum recycled content
Co 16%, Pb 85%, Li 6%, Ni 6%.

Comparison

What each jurisdiction requires

A high-level comparison of seven obligation types. Cells summarise; the region guides carry the detail and the caveats.

Comparison of battery obligations by jurisdiction as of the last review
Obligation	EU	India	US	China	UK · JP · KR · AU · CA
Battery passport / unique ID	Phasing in Mandatory from 18 Feb 2027	Proposed / draft BPAN draft (Jan 2026)	No specific rule No federal or state passport	Mandatory Digital ID from 1 Apr 2026	Partial / sub-national South Korea battery ID since Feb 2025
EPR and collection	Mandatory From 18 Aug 2025, with collection targets	Mandatory BWMR 2022, CPCB portal	Partial / sub-national NJ, CO for EV batteries	Mandatory EPR in 2026 Interim Measures	Partial / sub-national UK, AU, CA schemes; EV mostly voluntary
Recycled content	Phasing in Documentation, then minimums from 2031	Phasing in Domestic share from FY 2027-28	No specific rule None for EV batteries	No specific rule No minimum share confirmed	No specific rule None identified
Carbon footprint	Proposed / draft Declaration awaits delegated act	No specific rule None for batteries	No specific rule None	Proposed / draft National PCF system in development	Partial / sub-national Japan: voluntary data sharing
Supply-chain due diligence	Phasing in From 18 Aug 2027	No specific rule None battery-specific	Partial / sub-national UFLPA import enforcement	No specific rule Voluntary industry guidance	Partial / sub-national GBA rulebooks (voluntary)
Labelling / QR code	Mandatory Label Aug 2026; QR Feb 2027	Mandatory EPR number; QR / barcode allowed	Partial / sub-national State and transport labels	Mandatory Battery coding for traceability	Partial / sub-national Varies by country
State of health / durability data	Mandatory BMS SoH data (Art. 14); Euro 7 durability	No specific rule No disclosure rule identified	Partial / sub-national Colorado SoH info for MY2028+	Partial / sub-national Traceability events; safety standard	Partial / sub-national UN GTR No. 22 where adopted

Mandatory
Phasing in
Proposed / draft
Partial / sub-national
No specific rule

Region guides

Go deeper

European Union

The EU Batteries Regulation sets sustainability, safety, labelling and end-of-life rules for every battery on the EU market, and from 18 February 2027 requires an electronic battery passport for EV, LMT and large industrial batteries.

Read guide

India

India regulates batteries through the Battery Waste Management Rules, 2022, a strict EPR regime run on a CPCB portal. A lifecycle battery identity — the Battery Pack Aadhaar Number (BPAN) — was proposed in draft guidelines in January 2026.

Read guide

United States

There is no federal battery-passport requirement in the US. Obligations come from state extended producer responsibility laws, federal waste and hazardous-materials rules, and import controls on forced labour.

Read guide

China

China runs the world’s largest battery traceability system. Interim Measures issued in January 2026 and in force since 1 April 2026 give every NEV traction battery a digital identity on a national traceability platform.

Read guide

RoW

Rest of the world

Outside the EU, India, the US and China, battery-passport style rules are emerging through vehicle registration (South Korea), data-sharing ecosystems (Japan), stewardship reforms (UK, Australia, Canada) and global technical regulations.

Read guide

Compliance mapping

Requirement by requirement: which EVstring capability addresses it, and whether it is available today, in development or on the roadmap.

Open mapping